(b Kraków, 29 April 1880; d Poznań, 31 Oct 1952). Polish musicologist. He received a rudimentary musical education in Kraków, where he studied classics and German, and in Munich. Between 1904 and 1908 he undertook a regular course of musicological study under Adolf Sandberger and Theodor Kroyer, while at the same time taking private composition lessons with Ludwig Thuille. In Munich he also attended lectures in art history and philosophy. In 1908 Chybiński took the doctorate at Munich with a dissertation on aspects of the beat in music and in 1912 completed the Habilitation at Lwów University with a work on the 16th-century Polish theories of mensural music. He was appointed reader in 1917 and full professor in 1921. He was in charge of the musicology institute at Lwów University from 1913 to 1941 and was, during this time, also a professor at Lwów Conservatory. From 1945 until his death he was head of the musicology institute at Poznań University. In 1928 Chybiński began to publish Wydawnictwo Dawnej Muzyki Polskiej, a series of editions of outstanding early Polish compositions. Together with Kazimierz Sikorski he edited the Kwartalnik muzyczny (1928–33), with Bronisław Rutkowski the quarterly Muzyka polska (1934–5), and he was editor of Polski rocznik muzykologiczny (1935–6) and Kwartalnik muzyczny (1948–50).
Chybiński had wide interests. His writings range from scholarly studies to newspaper reviews and consist of some 650 items. He paid particular attention to the history of Polish music, especially that of the 16th century to the 18th, and to Polish contemporary music. His ethnomusicological studies chiefly concern the people of the Tatra Mountains. Chybiński devoted most of his energies to the investigation of sources as he believed that the insufficient knowledge of sources at that time made it impossible to formulate reliable general statements about Polish musical culture. Chybiński created modern Polish musicology, and most of the Polish musicologists of the following generation were his direct or indirect pupils.
‘Bogurodzica pod względem historyczno-muzycznym’ [Bogurodzica in the light of music history], Przegląd powszechny, xciv (1907), 373–92; xcv (1907), 65–87, 213–25, 370–86
Beiträge zur Geschichte des Taktschlagens (diss., U. of Munich, 1908; Kraków, 1912)
Materiały do dziejów królewskiej kapeli rorantystów na Wawelu, i: 1540–1624 [Material for the history of the chapel royal of Rorantists in Wawel] (Kraków, 1910); ii: 1624–94, Przegląd muzyczny, iv/14–19 (1911); see also Księga pamiątkowa ku czci Oswalda Balzera (Lwów, 1925), 133–51
‘Tabulatura organowa Jana z Lublina’ [The organ tablature of Jan of Lublin], KM, i (1911–13), 9–35, 122–41, 217–52, 297–340
Teoria mensuralna w polskiej literaturze muzycznej pierwszej połowy XVI wieku [Mensural theory in Polish music literature of the first half of the 16th century] (Habilitationsschrift, U. of Kraków, 1912; Kraków, 1912)
‘Polnische Musik und Musikkultur des XVI. Jahrhunderts in ihren Beziehungen zu Deutschland’, SIMG, xiii (1911–12), 463–505, 508 only
‘Z dawnej pasterskiej poezji i muzyki górali podhalańskich’ [On ancient shepherd poetry and music of the Podhale hill people], Wierchy, i (1923), 98–111
‘Dzwony pasterskie na Podhalu’ [Shepherd bells on Podhale], Prace i materiały antropologiczno-archeologiczne i etnograficzne, iv (1925), 29–57
‘Przyczynki do historii krakowskiej kultury muzycznej w XVII i XVIII wieku’ [Contributions to the history of Kraków musical culture in the 17th and 18th centuries], Wiadomości muzyczne, i (1925), 133–47, 179–86, 218–24, 246–50; ii/10 (1926), 2–7
‘Muzycy włoscy w krakowskich kapelach katedralnych (1619–57)’ [Italian musicians in Kraków cathedral chapels], Przegląd muzyczny, ii/11–12(1926); iii/1–5, 7–8 (1927); also pubd separately (Kraków, 1927)
‘Przyczynki bio- i bibliograficzne do dawnej muzyki polskiej’ [Biographical and bibliographical contributions to early Polish music], Przegląd muzyczny, ii/1, 4–5 (1926); v/2, 11 (1929)
‘Z dziejów muzyki polskiej do 1800 roku’ [The history of Polish music to 1800], Muzyka, iv/7–9 (1927), 31–72
‘Canzona instrumentalna Marcina Mielczewskiego’ [Marcin Mielczewski’s instrumental canzona], Myśl muzyczna, i/1–3 (1928)
Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki, Cz.I: Życie, działaliność, dzieła [Life, work, compositions] (Poznań, 1928)
‘Msza pastoralna Tomasza Szadka’ [Tomasz Szadek’s pastoral mass], Muzyka kościelna, iii/1–12 (1928); iv/1, 2, 5 (1929)
‘O koncertach wokalno-instrumentalnych Marcina Mielczewskiego’ [Marcin Mielczewski’s vocal-instrumental concertos], KM, no.1 (1928–9), 34–50, 144–52, 246–51; no.2 (1929–30), 10–14, 306–13
‘Stosunki muzyczne Polski z Francją w XVI stuleciu’ [Polish musical relations with France in the 16th century], Przegląd muzyczny, iv/3–4 (1928); pubd separately (Poznań, 1928)
‘Vincenzo Bellini jako twórca operowy’ [Bellini as an opera composer],Vincenzo Bellini: w stulecie śmierci (Lwów, 1935), 29–40
‘Karol Szymanowski a Podhale’ [Szymanowski and Podhale], Wierchy, xvi (1938), 1–35
Mieczysław Karłowicz (Warsaw, 1939, enlarged 2/1949)
‘Wacław z Szamotuł’, KM, nos.21–2 (1948), 11–34; no.23 (1948), 7–22; no.24 (1948), 100–31
Słownik muzyków dawnej Polski do roku 1800 [Dictionary of early Polish musicians to 1800] (Kraków, 1949)
Od Tatr do Bałtyku [From the Tatra mountains to the Baltic] (Kraków, 1950–51, 2/1958)
‘Pieśni ludu polskiego na Orawie’ [Songs of the Polish people on Orawa], Pieśni orawskie, ed. M. Kielanowska-Bronowicz (Kraków, 1957), 77–168
O polskiej muzyce ludowej [On Polish folk music] (Warsaw, 1961) [collection of essays]
S.S. Szarzyński: Sonata, WDMP, i (1928, 2/1958) [with K. Sikorski]; Pariendo non gravaris, WDMP, v (1928, 2/1960); Iesu spes mea, WDMP, x (1931, 5/1997)
M. Mielczewski: Deus in nomine tuo, WDMP, ii (1928, 2/1961) [with K. Sikorski]; Canzona, WDMP, vi (1930, 2/1961) [with Z. Jahnke]
Jacek Różycki: Hymni ecclesiastici, WDMP, iii (1929, 2/1947) [with B. Rutkowski]; Magnificemus in cantico, WDMP, xvi (1937, 2/1964)
Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki: Missa paschalis, WDMP, vii (1930, 2/1964/R); Illuxit sol, WDMP, xiv (1934, 4/1980)
D. Stachowicz: Veni consolator, WDMP, xiii (1933, 3/1966)
Mikołaj Zieleński: Vox in Rama, WDMP, xii (1933, 4/1980)
J. Podbielski: Praeludium, WDMP, xviii (1947, 4/1971)
36 tanców z Tabulatory organowej Jana ƶ Lublina [36 dances from Jan of Lublin’s tablature], WDMP, xx (1948)
J. Koffler: ‘Profesor dr Adolf Chybiński’, Muzyk wojskowy, ii/7 (1927), 3–5
Księga pamiątkowa ku czci profesora Dr. Adolfa Chybińskiego [A Festschrift in honour of Adolf Chybiński] (Kraków, 1930)
Księga pamiątkowa ku czci Prof. Adolfa Chybińskiego w 70-lecie urodzin [A Festschrift in honour of Adolf Chybiński on his 70th birthday] (Kraków, 1950) [incl. H. Feicht: ‘Profesor Adolf Chybiński’, 9–25]
J. Chomiński: ‘Adolf Chybiński’, Muzyka, iv/3–4 (1953), 15–22
S. Lorenz: ‘Adolf Chybiński (1880–1952)’, Nauka Polska, i (1953), 223–5
W czasach Straussa i Tetmajera [In the time of Strauss and Tetmajer] (Kraków, 1959) [memoirs; incl. full bibliography]
ZYGMUNT M. SZWEYKOWSKI